Ceratonia siliqua
Light: Full sun; tolerates light shade but develops a denser canopy in sun.
Water: Low water once established. Water deeply, then allow soil to dry between irrigations; provide supplemental deep watering during prolonged Phoenix summer heat. Water young trees more regularly while roots establish.
Soil: Well-drained sandy, loamy, or rocky soil; tolerates alkaline and calcareous soils. Avoid waterlogged soil and poorly drained planting sites.
Mature size: Typically 30–40 feet tall and 30–40 feet wide; older trees can reach 50 feet or more under favorable conditions.
Bloom: Small flowers appear in late summer through fall; pollinated female flowers produce pods that mature the following summer or fall.
Evergreen / deciduous: Evergreen.
Growth rate: Slow to moderate; faster with adequate establishment watering and good drainage.